C 60 @lysozyme: a new photosensitizing agent for photodynamic therapy.

C ₆₀ @lysozyme showed significant visible light-induced singlet oxygen generation in water, indicating the potential of this hybrid as an agent for photodynamic therapy. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration generated by C ₆₀ @lysozyme during irradiation depends on the light source, the irradiation time and the concentration of the hybrid. C ₆₀ @lysozyme significantly reduced the HeLa cell viability in response to visible light irradiation. The generation of H ₂ O ₂ , due to the photoactivity of C ₆₀ @lysozyme, causes cell death via easy permeation of hydrogen peroxide through the cell membrane and activation of endogenous ROS production.