Effects of combined coffee and alcohol use over cigarette demand among treatment-seeking smokers.

Objective: This study is aimed at comparing the relative reinforcing efficacy (RRE) of nicotine though CPT performance in function of alcohol and coffee consumption of treatment-seeking smokers.
Material and Methods: A total of 88 treatment-seeking smokers (60.2 % female) completed the CPT. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare alcohol (consumers and abstainers of alcohol) and coffee intake (high coffee consumers and low coffee consumers) on CPT indices.
Results: Univariate effects of coffee × alcohol use interaction were significant for elasticity [F (1, 83) = 4.9435, p = .038, η2 = .051] and intensity [F (1, 83) = 6.972, p = .01, η2 = .077].
Conclusions: Alcohol and coffee use is associated with an elevated cigarette demand among treatment-seeking smokers. This finding suggests the need for specific interventions to reduce alcohol and coffee use in order to increase the effectiveness of treatments for smoking cessation.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None.
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