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Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.
- Source :
-
Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences [Bosn J Basic Med Sci] 2020 Nov 02; Vol. 20 (4), pp. 445-450. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 02. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Proinflammatory counterworks are important at different stages of tumor development, particularly during invasion and metastasis. Immune cells and their signal molecules can influence all stages of tumor progression, as well as therapeutic intervention. Proinflammatory cytokines are known triggers of growth in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). In this study, we explored the immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-2, and IL-6 in tissues from 43 GEP-NEN patients with tumors of gastric, duodenal, ileal, appendiceal, and colonic origin. The immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α was increased in tumor groups with high proliferation rates (Ki-67; p = 0.034), as well as in those with higher tumor grades (p = 0.05). Moreover, the immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α positively correlated with death outcomes (p = 0.016). Expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-2 displayed similar immunohistochemical expression patterns regardless of Ki-67, although the expression between the ILs differed. Most GEP-NENs had high levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IL-1β and IL-2. Although further comprehensive studies are required for a complete understanding of activated mechanisms in proinflammatory protumoral microenvironment of GEP-NENs, TNF-α is a potential marker in the prognosis of those tumors.
- Subjects :
- Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism
Female
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Interleukin-1beta metabolism
Interleukin-2 metabolism
Interleukin-6 metabolism
Ki-67 Antigen biosynthesis
Male
Middle Aged
Prognosis
Tumor Microenvironment
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism
Cytokines metabolism
Inflammation
Neuroendocrine Tumors metabolism
Pancreatic Neoplasms metabolism
Stomach Neoplasms metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1840-4812
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32156252
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2020.4471