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C/EBPß Isoform Specific Gene Regulation: It's a Lot more Complicated than you Think!
- Source :
-
Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia [J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia] 2020 Mar; Vol. 25 (1), pp. 1-12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Feb 20. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- It has been almost 30 years since C/EBPß was discovered. Seminal studies have shown that C/EBPß is a master regulator of mammary gland development and has been shown to control and influence proliferation and differentiation through varying mechanisms. The single-exon C/EBPß mRNA yields at least three different protein isoforms which have diverse, specific, context-dependent, and often non-overlapping roles throughout development and breast cancer progression. These roles are dictated by a number of complex factors including: expression levels of other C/EBP family members and their stoichiometry relative to the isoform in question, binding site affinity, post-translational modifications, co-factor expression, and even hormone levels and lactogenic status. Here we summarize the historical work up to the latest findings in the field on C/EBPß in the mammary gland and in breast cancer. With the current emphasis on improving immunotherapy in breast cancer the role of specific C/EBPß isoforms in regulating specific chemokine and cytokine expression and the immune microenvironment will be of increasing interest.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Biomarkers, Tumor genetics
Breast Neoplasms genetics
Breast Neoplasms metabolism
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta genetics
Female
Humans
Protein Isoforms
Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism
Breast Neoplasms pathology
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-7039
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32078094
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-020-09444-5