Patterns of sexual behaviors and related factors among prisoners in Iran: results from a national survey in 2015.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine patterns of sexual behaviors and related factors among prisoners in Iran, 2015.
Design/methodology/approach: This cross-sectional study was a part of a bio-behavioral surveillance survey conducted on 6,200 prisoners in 26 prisons in Iran. The subjects were selected through multi-stage sampling. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data on participant's demographics and history of sexual behaviors. Using STATA-12 software, the collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, and crude and adjusted logistic regression.
Findings: A total of 5,508 prisoners with a response rate of 88.8 percent participated in this study. Of all prisoners, 55 percent ( n =3,027) had a history of "unsafe sex in the lifetime" of whom 53.4 percent ( n =1,549) never used condoms during unsafe sex in the lifetime. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, risk factors for "unsafe sex in lifetime" were the following: higher level of education (AOR=1.79, CI: 1.41-2.28), being single (AOR=1.32, CI: 1.18-1.47), unemployed before imprisonment (AOR=1.45, CI: 1.06-1.97), having history of previous imprisonment (AOR=1.31, CI: 1.17-1.47) and history of drug use in the lifetime (AOR=1.53, CI: 1.35-1.75).
Originality/value: Prisoners are high-risk groups that are prone to practice unsafe sex. Prisoners who are single, unemployed before imprisonment, a drug user, with a higher level of education and with a history of imprisonment are likely to be sexually active in their lifetime. Thus, they are a priority for receiving suitable interventions.
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