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Early postoperative MRI and detection of residual adenoma after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.
- Source :
-
Journal of neurosurgery [J Neurosurg] 2020 Feb 07; Vol. 134 (3), pp. 761-770. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Feb 07 (Print Publication: 2021). - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Objective: Current practice guidelines recommend delayed (≥ 3 months after operation) postoperative MRI after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas, although this practice defers obtaining important information, such as the presence of a residual adenoma, that might influence patient management during the perioperative period. In this study, the authors compared detection of residual adenomas by means of early postoperative (EPO) MRI (< 48 hours postsurgery) with both surgeon intraoperative assessment and late postoperative (LPO) MRI at 3 months.<br />Methods: Adult patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas with MRI preoperatively, < 48 hours after the operation, 3 months postoperatively, and yearly for 4 years were included. The presence or absence of residual tumor was assessed intraoperatively by a single surgeon and postoperatively by 2 neuroradiologists blinded to the intraoperative assessment and other postoperative imaging studies. The presence of residual tumor was confirmed by reresection, tumor growth on imaging, or hormonal evidence. Interreader reliability was calculated at each imaging time point. Specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for EPO and LPO imaging and intraoperative assessment were determined.<br />Results: In total, 102 consecutive patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary adenoma were included. Eighteen patients (18%) had confirmed residual tumors (12 confirmed by tumor growth, 5 by surgery, and 1 by biochemical evidence of persistent disease). Interreader reliability for detecting residual tumor on EPO MRI was almost perfect (κ = 0.88) and significantly higher than that for LPO MRI (κ = 0.69, p = 0.03). EPO MRI was highly specific for residual tumor (98%), a finding similar to that for intraoperative assessment (99%, p = 0.60) and significantly higher than that for LPO MRI (81%, p < 0.001). Notably, EPO MRI was significantly more sensitive for residual tumor (100%) than both intraoperative assessment (78%, p = 0.04) and LPO MRI (78%, p = 0.04). EPO MRI had a 100% negative predictive value and was used to find 4 residual tumors that were not identified intraoperatively. Residual tumors found on EPO MRI allowed for reresection during the same hospitalization for 3 patients.<br />Conclusions: EPO MRI after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery can be reliably interpreted and has greater sensitivity for detecting residual tumor than intraoperative assessment and LPO MRI. This result challenges current guidelines stating that delayed postoperative imaging is preferable to early imaging. Pituitary surgeons should consider performing EPO MRI either in addition to or instead of delayed imaging.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
False Negative Reactions
Female
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Male
Middle Aged
Observer Variation
Postoperative Period
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Treatment Outcome
Adenoma diagnostic imaging
Adenoma surgery
Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
Neoplasm, Residual diagnostic imaging
Neoplasm, Residual surgery
Pituitary Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
Pituitary Neoplasms surgery
Sphenoid Bone surgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1933-0693
- Volume :
- 134
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of neurosurgery
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32032952
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3171/2019.11.JNS191845