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Thinking outside the glenohumeral box: Hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling.

Authors :
Jacxsens M
Elhabian SY
Brady SE
Chalmers PN
Mueller AM
Tashjian RZ
Henninger HB
Source :
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society [J Orthop Res] 2020 Oct; Vol. 38 (10), pp. 2272-2279. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 24.
Publication Year :
2020

Abstract

Variation in the shape of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy of the scapula has been associated with shoulder pathology. The goal of this study was to identify the modes of shape variation of periarticular scapular anatomy in relation to the glenoid in nonpathologic shoulders. Computed tomography scans of 31 cadaveric scapulae, verified to be free of pathology, were three-dimensionally reconstructed. Statistical shape modeling and principal component analysis identified the modes of shape variation across the population. Corresponding linear and angular measurements quantified the morphometric variance identified by the modes. Linear measures were normalized to the radius of the inferior glenoid to account for differences in the scaling of the bones. Five modes captured 89.7% of total shape variation of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy. Apart from size differences (mode 1: 33.0%), acromial anatomy accounted for the largest variation (mode 2: 32.0%). Further modes described variation in glenoid inclination (mode 3: 11.8%), coracoid orientation and size (mode 4: 9.0%), and variation in coracoacromial (CA) morphology (mode 5: 3.1%). The average scapula had a mean acromial tilt of 49 ± 7°, scapular spine angle of 61 ± 6°, the glenoid inclination of 84 ± 4°, coracoid deviation angle of 26 ± 4°, coracoid length of 3.7 ± 0.3 glenoid radii, and a CA base length of 5.6 ± 0.5 radii. In this study, the identified shape modes explain almost all of the variance in scapular anatomy. The acromion exhibited the highest variance of all periarticular anatomic structures of the scapula in relation to the glenoid, which may play a role in many shoulder pathologies.<br /> (© 2020 Orthopaedic Research Society.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1554-527X
Volume :
38
Issue :
10
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
31965594
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24589