Foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia - The role of the HLA-DRB3*01:01 allele for HPA-1a-immunisation and foetal/neonatal outcome.

Foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is the platelet counterpart of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn. Among Caucasians, around 80 % of FNAIT cases and some of the most severe cases, are caused by alloantibodies against the human platelet antigen 1a (HPA-1a). For around 3 decades it has been known that almost all HPA-1a-immunised women are HLA-DRB3*01:01 positive. The HLA molecule encoded by the HLA-DRA/DRB3*01:01 genes seems to be of crucial importance for initiating the immune response against HPA-1a. The HLA-DRB3*01:01 carrier status is not only important as a risk factor for immunisation, but does also have a significant impact on foetal/neonatal outcome. The possible role of HLA-DRB3*01:01 typing as tool for risk stratification is discussed.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest JKK belong to a group of founders and owners of Prophylix AS, a Norwegian biotech company which has produced a hyperimmune anti-HPA-1a IgG (NAITgam) for the prevention of HPA-1a-immunisation and FNAIT. JKK is also a consultant for Rallybio IPA, LLC a US biotech company which will continue the development of NAITgam until licensure.
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