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Health effects of PM 2.5 sources on children's allergic and respiratory symptoms in Fukuoka, Japan.
- Source :
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The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2020 Mar 20; Vol. 709, pp. 136023. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 09. - Publication Year :
- 2020
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Abstract
- Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> ) is a potential aggravating factor for respiratory and allergic diseases. However, which PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> sources are associated with such diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> sources with allergic and respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren. PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> samples were collected in Fukuoka during the spring in 2014 and 2015. Asian dust was observed in 2014. Ion components, elemental components, and organic components were analyzed. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was conducted to calculate PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> concentrations from each source. Mixed logistic regression analysis with a random intercept for each schoolchild was performed to evaluate the association of components and sources with symptoms. Among 2317 schoolchildren, the mean prevalence was 28.9%, 23.6%, 11.2%, and 11.4% for lower respiratory, nasal, ocular, and skin symptoms, respectively. PMF identified the following six PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> sources "Secondary sulfate and coal combustion", "Secondary nitrate", "Heavy oil combustion", "Sea salt", "Soil" and "Traffic emission". An interquartile range of PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> mass was associated with nasal (Odds ratios 1.08, 95% confidence interval [1.03, 1.13]), ocular (1.10, [1.04, 1.16]), and skin symptoms (1.13, [1.06, 1.20]). Among the source factors, "Heavy oil combustion" was significantly associated with nasal symptom (1.11, [1.05, 1.18]) while "Sea salt" was associated with nasal (1.06, [1.02, 1.11]) and skin (1.073, [1.01, 1.14]) symptoms. We found "Soil", which might be affected by Asian dust, was associated with ocular (1.07, [1.03, 1.10]) and skin (1.05, [1.01, 1.08]) symptoms. Further studies in other seasons or places are needed to clarify the influence of PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> sources on children's health.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.<br /> (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Child
Dust
Environmental Monitoring
Humans
Japan
Particulate Matter
Asthma
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-1026
- Volume :
- 709
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Science of the total environment
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31884280
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136023