Back to Search
Start Over
The Biological Effects of Complete Gasoline Engine Emissions Exposure in a 3D Human Airway Model (MucilAir TM ) and in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (BEAS-2B).
- Source :
-
International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2019 Nov 14; Vol. 20 (22). Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 14. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- The biological effects induced by complete engine emissions in a 3D model of the human airway (MucilAir <superscript>TM</superscript> ) and in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) grown at the air-liquid interface were compared. The cells were exposed for one or five days to emissions generated by a Euro 5 direct injection spark ignition engine. The general condition of the cells was assessed by the measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance and mucin production. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated by adenylate kinase (AK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Phosphorylation of histone H2AX was used to detect double-stranded DNA breaks. The expression of the selected 370 relevant genes was analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The exposure had minimal effects on integrity and AK leakage in both cell models. LDH activity and mucin production in BEAS-2B cells significantly increased after longer exposures; DNA breaks were also detected. The exposure affected CYP1A1 and HSPA5 expression in MucilAir <superscript>TM</superscript> . There were no effects of this kind observed in BEAS-2B cells; in this system gene expression was rather affected by the time of treatment. The type of cell model was the most important factor modulating gene expression. In summary, the biological effects of complete emissions exposure were weak. In the specific conditions used in this study, the effects observed in BEAS-2B cells were induced by the exposure protocol rather than by emissions and thus this cell line seems to be less suitable for analyses of longer treatment than the 3D model.
- Subjects :
- Biomarkers
DNA Breaks
Electric Impedance
Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP
Gene Expression
Humans
Mucins biosynthesis
Environmental Exposure adverse effects
Epithelial Cells drug effects
Epithelial Cells metabolism
Models, Biological
Respiratory Mucosa drug effects
Respiratory Mucosa metabolism
Vehicle Emissions toxicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1422-0067
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 22
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31739528
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225710