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A caspase-6-cleaved fragment of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a potential serological biomarker of CNS injury after cardiac arrest.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 Nov 06; Vol. 14 (11), pp. e0224633. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 06 (Print Publication: 2019). - Publication Year :
- 2019
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Abstract
- Blood levels of Glial Fibrillary Acidic protein (GFAP) reflect processes associated with different types of CNS injury. Evidence suggests that GFAP is cleaved by caspases during CNS injury, hence positioning GFAP fragments as potential biomarkers of injury-associated processes. We set out to develop an assay detecting the neo-epitope generated by caspase-6 cleavage of GFAP (GFAP-C6), and to assess the ability of GFAP-C6 to reflect pathological processes in patients suffering a cardiac arrest and subsequent global cerebral ischemia. Anti-GFAP-C6 antibodies recognized their specific target sequence, and dilution and spike recoveries in serum were within limits of ±20% reflecting high precision and accuracy of measurements. Intra- and inter-assay CVs were below limits of 10% and 15%, respectively. Serological levels of GFAP-C6 were significantly elevated 72 hours after CA (Mean±SD) (20.39±10.59 ng/mL) compared to time of admission (17.79±10.77 ng/mL, p<0.0001), 24 hours (17.40±7.99 ng/mL, p<0.0001) and 48 hours (17.87±8.56 ng/mL, p<0.0001) after CA, but were not related to neurological outcome at day 180. GFAP-C6 levels at admission, 24, 48, and 72 hours after cardiac arrest correlated with two proteolytic fragments of tau, tau-A (r = 0.30, r = 0.40, r = 0.50, r = 0.53, p < 0.0001) and tau-C (r = 54, r = 0.48, r = 0.55, r = 0.54, p < 0.0001), respectively. GFAP-C6 levels did not correlate with other markers of CNS damage; total tau, NSE and S100B. In conclusion, we developed the first assay detecting a caspase-6 cleaved fragment of GFAP in blood. Increased levels at 72 hours after cardiac arrest as well as moderate correlations between GFAP-C6 and two other blood biomarkers of neurodegeneration suggest the ability of GFAP-C6 to reflect pathological processes of the injured brain. Investigations into the potential of GFAP-C6 in other types of CNS injury are warranted.<br />Competing Interests: The authors of this manuscript have read the journal’s policy and have the following competing interests: DSJ, KH and MK are employed by Nordic Bioscience and thus received support in the form of a salary. KH and MK own stocks in Nordic Bioscience and hold patents on biomarkers not measured in the present study. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare in relation to this research. The remaining authors report no competing financial interests. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Biomarkers blood
Brain pathology
Brain Diseases blood
Brain Diseases etiology
Brain Diseases pathology
Caspase 6 metabolism
Female
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein metabolism
Heart Arrest blood
Humans
Male
Neurodegenerative Diseases blood
Neurodegenerative Diseases etiology
Neurodegenerative Diseases pathology
Predictive Value of Tests
Prospective Studies
Proteolysis
Time Factors
Brain Diseases diagnosis
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein blood
Heart Arrest complications
Neurodegenerative Diseases diagnosis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31693684
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224633