TRPV4 and purinergic receptor signalling pathways are separately linked in airway epithelia to CFTR and TMEM16A chloride channels.

Key Points: Eact is a putative pharmacological activator of TMEM16A. Eact is strongly effective in recombinant Fischer rat thyroid (FRT) cells but not in airway epithelial cells with endogenous TMEM16A expression. Transcriptomic analysis, gene silencing and functional studies in FRT cells reveal that Eact is actually an activator of the Ca ²⁺ -permeable TRPV4 channel. In airway epithelial cells TRPV4 and TMEM16A are expressed in separate cell types. Intracellular Ca ²⁺ elevation by TRPV4 stimulation leads to CFTR channel activation.
Abstract: TMEM16A is a Ca ²⁺ -activated Cl ^- channel expressed in airway epithelial cells, particularly under conditions of mucus hypersecretion. To investigate the role of TMEM16A, we used Eact, a putative TMEM16A pharmacological activator. However, in contrast to purinergic stimulation, we found little effect of Eact on bronchial epithelial cells under conditions of high TMEM16A expression. We hypothesized that Eact is an indirect activator of TMEM16A. By a combination of approaches, including short-circuit current recordings, bulk and single cell RNA sequencing, intracellular Ca ²⁺ imaging and RNA interference, we found that Eact is actually an activator of the Ca ²⁺ -permeable TRPV4 channel and that the modest effect of this compound in bronchial epithelial cells is due to a separate expression of TMEM16A and TRPV4 in different cell types. Importantly, we found that TRPV4 stimulation induced activation of the CFTR Cl ^- channel. Our study reveals the existence of separate Ca ²⁺ signalling pathways linked to different Cl ^- secretory processes.
(© 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2019 The Physiological Society.)