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Construction, characteristics and high throughput molecular screening methodologies in some special breeding populations: a horticultural perspective.
- Source :
-
Journal of genetics [J Genet] 2019 Sep; Vol. 98. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Advanced marker technologies are widely used for evaluation of genetic diversity in cultivated crops, wild ancestors, landraces or any special plant genotypes. Developing agricultural cultivars requires the following steps: (i) determining desired characteristics to be improved, (ii) screening genetic resources to help find a superior cultivar, (iii) intercrossing selected individuals, (iv) generating genetically hybrid populations and screening them for agro-morphological or molecular traits, (v) evaluating the superior cultivar candidates, (vi) testing field performance at different locations, and (vii) certifying. In the cultivar development process valuable genes can be identified by creating special biparental or multiparental populations and analysing their association using suitable markers in given populations. These special populations and advanced marker technologies give us a deeper knowledge about the inherited agronomic characteristics. Unaffected by the changing environmental conditions, these provide a higher understanding of genome dynamics in plants. The last decade witnessed new applications for advanced molecular techniques in the area of breeding,with low costs per sample. These, especially, include next-generation sequencing technologies like reduced representation genome sequencing (genotyping by sequencing, restriction site-associated DNA). These enabled researchers to develop new markers, such as simple sequence repeat and single- nucleotide polymorphism, for expanding the qualitative and quantitative information onpopulation dynamics. Thus, the knowledge acquired from novel technologies is a valuable asset for the breeding process and to better understand the population dynamics, their properties, and analysis methods.
- Subjects :
- Biological Variation, Population genetics
Chromosome Mapping methods
Crops, Agricultural history
Crosses, Genetic
Genomics methods
Genotype
Genotyping Techniques methods
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing methods
History, 18th Century
History, Ancient
Microsatellite Repeats genetics
Phenotype
Plant Breeding economics
Plant Breeding history
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Crops, Agricultural genetics
Plant Breeding methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0973-7731
- Volume :
- 98
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of genetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31544799