Opioid Use Disorder during Antepartum and Postpartum Hospitalizations.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate temporal trends in opioid use disorder (OUD) during antepartum and postpartum hospitalizations.
Study Design: This repeated cross-sectional analysis analyzed data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. Women aged 15 to 54 years admitted antepartum or postpartum were identified. The presence of OUD was determined based on a diagnosis of opioid abuse, opioid dependence, or opioid overdose. Temporal trends in OUD were evaluated using the Rao-Scott chi-square test. Temporal trends in opioid overdose were additionally evaluated.
Results: An estimated 7,336,562 antepartum hospitalizations and 1,063,845 postpartum readmissions were included in this analysis. The presence of an OUD diagnosis during antepartum hospitalizations increased from 0.7% of patients in 1998 to 1999 to 2.9% in 2014 ( p  < 0.01) and during postpartum hospitalizations increased from 0.8% of patients in 1998 to 1999 to 2.1% of patients in 2014 ( p  < 0.01). Risk of overdose diagnoses increased significantly for both antepartum hospitalizations, from 22.7 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 1998 to 2000 to 70.3 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2013 to 2014 ( p  < 0.001), and postpartum hospitalizations, from 18.8 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 1998 to 2000 to 65.2 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2013 to 2014 ( p  = 0.02).
Discussion: Risk of OUD diagnoses and overdoses increased over the study period for both antepartum and postpartum hospitalizations.
Competing Interests: J.D.W. has served as a consultant for Tesaro and Clovis Oncology. The other authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest.
(Thieme. All rights reserved.)