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Glycerol phosphate shuttle enzyme GPD2 regulates macrophage inflammatory responses.
- Source :
-
Nature immunology [Nat Immunol] 2019 Sep; Vol. 20 (9), pp. 1186-1195. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 05. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Macrophages are activated during microbial infection to coordinate inflammatory responses and host defense. Here we find that in macrophages activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) regulates glucose oxidation to drive inflammatory responses. GPD2, a component of the glycerol phosphate shuttle, boosts glucose oxidation to fuel the production of acetyl coenzyme A, acetylation of histones and induction of genes encoding inflammatory mediators. While acute exposure to LPS drives macrophage activation, prolonged exposure to LPS triggers tolerance to LPS, where macrophages induce immunosuppression to limit the detrimental effects of sustained inflammation. The shift in the inflammatory response is modulated by GPD2, which coordinates a shutdown of oxidative metabolism; this limits the availability of acetyl coenzyme A for histone acetylation at genes encoding inflammatory mediators and thus contributes to the suppression of inflammatory responses. Therefore, GPD2 and the glycerol phosphate shuttle integrate the extent of microbial stimulation with glucose oxidation to balance the beneficial and detrimental effects of the inflammatory response.
- Subjects :
- Acetyl Coenzyme A biosynthesis
Acetylation
Animals
Female
Histones metabolism
Inflammation pathology
Lipopolysaccharides
Macrophages cytology
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Oxidation-Reduction
Glucose metabolism
Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase metabolism
Macrophage Activation immunology
Macrophages immunology
Macrophages metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1529-2916
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31384058
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0453-7