Insights of carbon assimilation and allocation in young cork oak (Quercus suber L.) plants using Carbon-14.

¹⁴ C methods were applied to young, woody, branched and well-watered cork oak (Quercus suber L.) plants to determine carbon assimilation and its distribution among plant organs. Carbon assimilation rates by attached leaves clamped in a foliar ¹⁴ CO ₂ assimilation chamber containing 3.7 × 10 ⁴  Bq of a portable ventilated diffusion porometer were measured at different ¹⁴ CO ₂ pulse-labeling periods (15, 30, 45, 60 and 120 s) in summer. Allocation of recently fixed C by attached leaves within plants was evaluated 7 days after a 60-min of 5.6 MBq of ¹⁴ CO ₂ pulse-labeling in late winter. ¹⁴ CO ₂ pulse-labeling was separately induced on leaves of a lower branch, two opposite branches at the same lower level, a middle branch and a top branch. ¹⁴ C activity incorporated into the plants was measured by liquid scintillation and autoradiography. Our results show the optimum ¹⁴ CO ₂ pulse-labeling period is between 15 and 30 s, which corresponds to 9.81 ± 0.15 and 9.16 ± 0.12 µmol m ^-2 s ^-1 C assimilation rates in summer, respectively. The investment of current assimilates ranged from 18 to 29% in leaves, 1 to 7% in lateral branches, 0 to 3% in the stem and over 65% in roots, in late winter. Roots displayed the greatest sink strength for the total ¹⁴ C recovered by whole-plants. These results were expected because the trial was done in winter, when cork oak does not produce their leaves. Our results highlight the contribution of current assimilates for growth and maintenance of roots, in young woody plants under Mediterranean climate.
(© 2019 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.)