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Diel transcriptional response of a California Current plankton microbiome to light, low iron, and enduring viral infection.
- Source :
-
The ISME journal [ISME J] 2019 Nov; Vol. 13 (11), pp. 2817-2833. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jul 18. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Phytoplankton and associated microbial communities provide organic carbon to oceanic food webs and drive ecosystem dynamics. However, capturing those dynamics is challenging. Here, an in situ, semi-Lagrangian, robotic sampler profiled pelagic microbes at 4 h intervals over ~2.6 days in North Pacific high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll waters. We report on the community structure and transcriptional dynamics of microbes in an operationally large size class (>5 μm) predominantly populated by dinoflagellates, ciliates, haptophytes, pelagophytes, diatoms, cyanobacteria (chiefly Synechococcus), prasinophytes (chiefly Ostreococcus), fungi, archaea, and proteobacteria. Apart from fungi and archaea, all groups exhibited 24-h periodicity in some transcripts, but larger portions of the transcriptome oscillated in phototrophs. Periodic photosynthesis-related transcripts exhibited a temporal cascade across the morning hours, conserved across diverse phototrophic lineages. Pronounced silica:nitrate drawdown, a high flavodoxin to ferredoxin transcript ratio, and elevated expression of other Fe-stress markers indicated Fe-limitation. Fe-stress markers peaked during a photoperiodically adaptive time window that could modulate phytoplankton response to seasonal Fe-limitation. Remarkably, we observed viruses that infect the majority of abundant taxa, often with total transcriptional activity synchronized with putative hosts. Taken together, these data reveal a microbial plankton community that is shaped by recycled production and tightly controlled by Fe-limitation and viral activity.
- Subjects :
- California
Ciliophora genetics
Ciliophora metabolism
Ciliophora radiation effects
Ciliophora virology
Diatoms genetics
Diatoms metabolism
Diatoms radiation effects
Diatoms virology
Dinoflagellida genetics
Dinoflagellida metabolism
Dinoflagellida radiation effects
Dinoflagellida virology
Food Chain
Haptophyta genetics
Haptophyta metabolism
Haptophyta radiation effects
Haptophyta virology
Oceans and Seas
Photosynthesis
Phytoplankton genetics
Phytoplankton metabolism
Phytoplankton radiation effects
Phytoplankton virology
Plankton metabolism
Plankton radiation effects
Transcription, Genetic
Virus Physiological Phenomena
Viruses genetics
Iron metabolism
Microbiota
Plankton genetics
Plankton virology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1751-7370
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The ISME journal
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31320727
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0472-2