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Sodium and Potassium Intake Assessed by Spot and 24-h Urine in the Population-Based Tromsø Study 2015-2016.
- Source :
-
Nutrients [Nutrients] 2019 Jul 16; Vol. 11 (7). Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jul 16. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Reduction of salt intake is a public health priority and necessitates the surveillance of salt intake in the population. The validity of salt intake assessed by dietary surveys is generally low. We, therefore, aimed to estimate salt intake by 24-h urine collection and to assess the usefulness of spot urine collection for surveillance purposes. In the population-based Tromsø Study 2015-2016, 493 men and women aged 40-69 years collected 24-h urine, of whom 475 also collected spot urine. Sodium and potassium excretions were calculated by multiplying respective urinary concentrations by the total volume of urine. Based on the sodium concentration in spot urine, we also estimated 24-h sodium excretion by three different equations. Mean sodium excretion was 4.09 ± 1.60 and 2.98 ± 1.09 g/24-h in men and women, respectively, corresponding to a calculated salt intake of 10.4 and 7.6 g. The sodium to potassium molar (Na/K) ratio was approximately 1.8 in both genders. Of the three equation utilizing spot urine, estimated mean 24-h sodium excretion was closest for the INTERSALT formulae (4.29 and 2.96 g/24-h in men and women, respectively). In this population-based study, the estimated salt intake was higher than the recommended intake. However, urine potassium excretion was rather high resulting in a favorable Na/K ratio. Mean sodium excretion calculated from spot urine by the INTERSALT equation predicted the mean sodium excretion in 24-h urine reasonably well.<br />Competing Interests: L.J. is a member of Mills Scientific Council H.E.M., A.E.E., H.J., and K.H. declare no conflict of interest.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Norway
Potassium administration & dosage
Potassium urine
Prospective Studies
Sodium administration & dosage
Sodium urine
Urinalysis methods
Urine Specimen Collection
Potassium, Dietary administration & dosage
Potassium, Dietary urine
Sodium, Dietary administration & dosage
Sodium, Dietary urine
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2072-6643
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nutrients
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31315306
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071619