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Human Cytomegalovirus Latency and Reactivation in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2019 May 28; Vol. 10, pp. 1186. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 May 28 (Print Publication: 2019). - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation is a major infectious cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). HCMV is a ubiquitous beta-herpesvirus which asymptomatically infects immunocompetent individuals but establishes lifelong latency, with the potential to reactivate to a life-threatening productive infection when the host immune system is suppressed or compromised. Opportunistic HCMV reactivation is the most common viral complication following engraftment after HSCT and is associated with a marked increase in non-relapse mortality, which appears to be linked to complex effects on post-transplant immune recovery. This minireview explores the cellular sites of HCMV latency and reactivation in HSCT recipients and provides an overview of the risk factors for HCMV reactivation post-HSCT. The impact of HCMV in shaping post-transplant immune reconstitution and its relationship with patient outcomes such as relapse and graft-versus-host disease will be discussed. Finally, we survey current and emerging strategies to prevent and control HCMV reactivation in HSCT recipients, with recent developments including adoptive T cell therapies to accelerate HCMV-specific T cell reconstitution and new anti-HCMV drug therapy for HCMV reactivation after HSCT.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1664-302X
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in microbiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31191499
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01186