Effects of psychosocial stress on the hormonal and affective response in children with dyslexia.

Introduction: Research on stress and dyslexia has mainly focused on chronic and contextual stress caused by the school environment. Our goal was to test individual differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity of dyslexic and non-dyslexic children and the related emotional manifestations associated with exposure to a psychosocial stressor.
Methods: Eighty-one children (11-14 years old; 38 dyslexic) were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test adapted to children or to a control condition. The salivary cortisol response, anxiety, and mood were measured before and after the stress.
Results: Dyslexic children did not show the expected cortisol response, as the highest percentage of children who were non-reactive to stress was found in this group. Cortisol reactivity to stress was related to higher levels of anxiety and lower positive affect in the non-dyslexic children.
Conclusion: These results suggest a pattern of hypo-activation of the HPA axis to psychosocial stress in children with dyslexia.
(Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)