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A Positive Association Between Dietary Intake of Higher Cow's Milk-Fat Percentage and Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Young Children.
- Source :
-
The Journal of pediatrics [J Pediatr] 2019 Aug; Vol. 211, pp. 105-111.e2. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 May 17. - Publication Year :
- 2019
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Abstract
- Objectives: To determine the association between cow's milk-fat and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol, a marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young children, and whether this association is mediated by the typical volume of cow's milk consumed.<br />Study Design: A longitudinal study in 2- to 8-year-old children (n = 2890) was conducted through The Applied Research Group for Kids (TARGet Kids!), a practice-based research network in Toronto, Canada. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the relationship between parent-reported cow's milk-fat percentage intake and serum non-HDL cholesterol concentrations as well as having high non-HDL cholesterol (≥3.75 mmol/L [145 mg/dL]), adjusting for covariates including age, sex, body mass index z score, breastfeeding duration, mother's ethnicity, and parental history of CVD. Bootstrap resampling (10 000 repetitions) was used to assess whether typical volume consumed mediated the association between cow's milk-fat percentage and non-HDL cholesterol.<br />Results: In total, 156 (5.4%) had high non-HDL cholesterol. Each percent increase in cow's milk-fat was associated with a 0.035 mmol/L (1.35 mg/dL) (P < .001) and 0.024 mmol/L (0.92 mg/dL) (P = .01) increase in non-HDL cholesterol, unadjusted and adjusted for covariates respectively. Cow's milk-fat percentage was not associated with greater odds of having high non-HDL cholesterol. Volume of cow's milk partially mediated the association between cow's milk-fat percentage and non-HDL cholesterol, accounting for 28% of the relationship (P < .001).<br />Conclusions: Consumption of higher-fat cow's milk was associated with a small increase in non-HDL cholesterol but not greater odds of having high non-HDL cholesterol. Further research is needed to assess this relationship with other CVD risk factors in young children.<br />Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01869530.<br /> (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Body Mass Index
Breast Feeding
Canada epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology
Cardiovascular System
Cattle
Child
Child, Preschool
Data Collection
Dietary Fats adverse effects
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Milk chemistry
Primary Health Care
Risk Factors
Treatment Outcome
Cardiovascular Diseases blood
Cholesterol blood
Dietary Fats administration & dosage
Lipoproteins blood
Milk adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1097-6833
- Volume :
- 211
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of pediatrics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31104850
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.03.047