Effect of bovine serum albumin on tartrate-modified manganese ferrite nano hollow spheres: spectroscopic and toxicity study.

The emerging category of magneto-fluorescent tartrate-modified MnFe ₂ O ₄ nano hollow spheres (T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs) can be considered as promising candidates for biomedical applications. The interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs has been studied using several spectroscopic techniques, which suggest that the interaction occurs by an electrostatic mechanism. Furthermore, BSA enhances the charge transfer transition from the tartrate ligand to the metal ions along with the d-d transition of Fe ³⁺ ions on NHSs surfaces at different pH. Very strong salt bridge formation occurs between the lysine of the BSA surface and the tartrate in basic medium (pH 10), followed by the acidic (pH 3) and neutral medium (pH 7), respectively. Systematic fluorescence microscopic analysis reveals that BSA significantly enhances the contrast of T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs in UV and blue light excitation because of the extended charge transfer from BSA to T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs. Our report demonstrates great potential in the field of nanotechnology and biomedical applications. In vitro toxicity analysis using RAW 264.7 celline and in vivo studies on Wister rats revealed that the T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs are benign. Furthermore, T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs also appear to be an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, T-MnFe ₂ O ₄ NHSs can be explored for future therapeutic applications.