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A biomonitoring assessment of secondhand exposures to electronic cigarette emissions.
- Source :
-
International journal of hygiene and environmental health [Int J Hyg Environ Health] 2019 Jun; Vol. 222 (5), pp. 816-823. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 May 10. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) conventions regularly bring together thousands of users around the world. In these environments, secondhand exposures to high concentrations of e-cigarette emissions are prevalent. Some biomarkers for tobacco smoke exposure may be used to characterize secondhand e-cigarette exposures in such an environment.<br />Methods: Participants who did not use any tobacco product attended four separate e-cigarette events for approximately six hours. Urine and saliva samples were collected from participants prior to the event, immediately after the event, 4-h after the event, and the next morning (first void). Urine samples from 34 participants were analyzed for cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetylcysteine (3-HPMA), S-carboxyethyl-N-acetylcysteine (CEMA), select tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), and 8-isoprostane. Saliva samples were analyzed for cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine.<br />Results: Data from 28 of 34 participants were used in the data analysis. Creatinine-adjusted urinary cotinine concentrations increased up to 13-fold and peaked 4-h after completed exposure (range of adjusted geometric means [AGMs] = 0.352-2.31 μg/g creatinine). Salivary cotinine concentrations were also the highest 4-h after completed exposure (range of AGMs = 0.0373-0.167 ng/mL). Salivary cotinine and creatinine-corrected concentrations of urinary cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, CEMA, and 3-HPMA varied significantly across sampling times. Urinary and salivary cotinine, urinary trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, and urinary 3-HPMA concentrations also varied significantly across events.<br />Conclusion: Secondhand e-cigarette exposures lasting six hours resulted in significant changes in exposure biomarker concentrations of both nicotine and acrolein but did not change exposure to tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Additional research is needed to understand the relationship between biomarker concentrations and environmental concentrations of toxicants in e-cigarette emissions.<br /> (Published by Elsevier GmbH.)
- Subjects :
- Acetylcysteine analogs & derivatives
Acetylcysteine metabolism
Acetylcysteine urine
Acrolein analysis
Adult
Biomarkers metabolism
Biomarkers urine
Cotinine analogs & derivatives
Cotinine metabolism
Cotinine urine
Environmental Monitoring
Female
Humans
Male
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Tobacco Smoke Pollution analysis
Vaping adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1618-131X
- Volume :
- 222
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of hygiene and environmental health
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31085112
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.04.013