Role of epigenetic mechanisms in cisplatin-induced toxicity.

Authors :: Quintanilha JCF
Saavedra KF
Visacri MB
Moriel P
Salazar LA
Source :: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology [Crit Rev Oncol Hematol] 2019 May; Vol. 137, pp. 131-142. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Mar 20.
Publication Year :: 2019
Abstract: Cisplatin (CDDP) is a highly effective antineoplastic agent, widely used in the treatment of various malignant tumors. However, its major problems are side effects associated to toxicity. Considerable inter-individual differences have been reported for CDDP-induced toxicity due to genetic and epigenetic factors. Genetic causes are well described; however, epigenetic modifications are not fully addressed. In the last few years, many evidences were found linking microRNA to the development of CDDP-mediated toxicity, particularly nephrotoxicity. In this review, we described how genetic and epigenetic modifications can be important determinants for the development of toxicity in patients treated with CDDP, and how these alterations may be interesting biomarkers for monitoring toxicity induced by CDDP. Considering the validation in different studies, we suggest that miR-34a, -146b, -378a, -192, and -193 represent an attractive study group to evaluate potential biomarkers to detect CDDP-related nephrotoxicity.<br /> (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)