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HIV disease, metabolic dysfunction and atherosclerosis: A three year prospective study.

HIV disease, metabolic dysfunction and atherosclerosis: A three year prospective study.

Authors :
Low H
Hoang A
Pushkarsky T
Dubrovsky L
Dewar E
Di Yacovo MS
Mukhamedova N
Cheng L
Downs C
Simon G
Saumoy M
Hill AF
Fitzgerald ML
Nestel P
Dart A
Hoy J
Bukrinsky M
Sviridov D
Source :
PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 Apr 18; Vol. 14 (4), pp. e0215620. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 18 (Print Publication: 2019).
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

HIV infection is known to be associated with cardiometabolic abnormalities; here we investigated the progression and causes of these abnormalities. Three groups of participants were recruited: HIV-negative subjects and two groups of treatment-naïve HIV-positive subjects, one group initiating antiretroviral treatment, the other remaining untreated. Intima-media thickness (cIMT) increased in HIV-positive untreated group compared to HIV-negative group, but treatment mitigated the difference. We found no increase in diabetes-related metabolic markers or in the level of inflammation in any of the groups. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoB levels were lower in HIV-positive groups, while triglyceride and Lp(a) levels did not differ between the groups. We found a statistically significant negative association between viral load and plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, apoA-I and apoB. HIV-positive patients had hypoalphalipoproteinemia at baseline, and we found a redistribution of sub-populations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles with increased proportion of smaller HDL in HIV-positive untreated patients, which may result from increased levels of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in this group. HDL functionality declined in the HIV-negative and HIV-positive untreated groups, but not in HIV-positive treated group. We also found differences between HIV-positive and negative groups in plasma abundance of several microRNAs involved in lipid metabolism. Our data support a hypothesis that cardiometabolic abnormalities in HIV infection are caused by HIV and that antiretroviral treatment itself does not influence key cardiometabolic parameters, but mitigates those affected by HIV.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1932-6203
Volume :
14
Issue :
4
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
PloS one
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
30998801
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215620