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γδ T-cell subsets in HIV controllers: potential role of Tγδ17 cells in the regulation of chronic immune activation.
- Source :
-
AIDS (London, England) [AIDS] 2019 Jul 01; Vol. 33 (8), pp. 1283-1292. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Objectives: HIV controllers (HICs) are rare HIV-infected individuals able to maintain undetectable viremia in the absence of antiretroviral treatment. Although HIV-specific cytotoxic T cells have been well deciphered in HIC, γδ T lymphocytes remain largely uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to analyse phenotypic and functional characteristics of γδ T cells and their relationship with immune activation, which remains abnormally elevated and associated with comorbidities in HICs.<br />Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 16 HICs, 16 patients with untreated chronic HIV infection (UT-CHI) and 20 healthy donors. Surface marker expression and cytokine production by γδ T cells were analysed by flow cytometry.<br />Results: Despite normal frequencies of total γδ T cells, the Vδ2/Vδ2 ratio was significantly reduced in HIC, albeit to a lesser extent than UT-CHI patients. Of note, nine HICs showed elevated Vδ2 γδ T cells, as patients with UT-CHI, which was associated with higher CD8 T-cell activation. Interleukin (IL)-17-production by γδ T cells (Tγδ17) was better preserved in HIC than in UT-CHI patients. Proportion of total γδ T cells positively correlated with CD8 T-cell activation and HIV-DNA, IP-10 and sCD14 levels. Conversely, Tγδ17 cells negatively correlated with CD8 T-cell activation and plasma sCD14 levels. Moreover, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β producing Vδ2 T cells were as dramatically depleted in HIC as in UT-CHI patients.<br />Conclusion: The relative preservation of IL-17-producing γδ T cells in HIC and their negative association with immune activation raise the hypothesis that Tγδ17 cells - potentially through prevention of microbial translocation - may participate in the control of chronic systemic immune activation.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1473-5571
- Volume :
- 33
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- AIDS (London, England)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30870199
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002196