Effects of a behavioural weight loss intervention in people with serious mental illness: Subgroup analyses from the ACHIEVE trial.

Background: Persons with serious mental illnesses (SMI) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have an increased risk of obesity and related chronic diseases and die 10-20years earlier than the overall population, primarily due to cardiovascular disease. In the ACHIEVE trial, a behavioural weight loss intervention led to clinically significant weight loss in persons with SMI. As the field turns its attention to intervention scale-up, it is important to understand whether the effectiveness of behavioural weight loss interventions for people with SMI, like ACHIEVE, differ for specific subgroups.
Methods: This study examined whether the effectiveness of the ACHIEVE intervention differed by participant characteristics (e.g. age, sex, race, psychiatric diagnosis, body mass index) and/or their weight-related attitudes and behaviours (e.g. eating, food preparation, and shopping habits). We used likelihood-based mixed effects models to examine whether the baseline to 18 month effects of the ACHIEVE intervention differed across subgroups.
Results: No statistically significant differences were found in the effectiveness of the ACHIEVE intervention across any of the subgroups examined.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that the ACHIEVE behavioural weight loss intervention is broadly applicable to the diverse population of individuals with SMI.
(Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)