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A comparative map of macroautophagy and mitophagy in the vertebrate eye.
- Source :
-
Autophagy [Autophagy] 2019 Jul; Vol. 15 (7), pp. 1296-1308. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 20. - Publication Year :
- 2019
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Abstract
- Photoreception is pivotal to our experience and perception of the natural world; hence the eye is of prime importance for most vertebrate animals to sense light. Central to visual health is mitochondrial homeostasis, and the selective autophagic turnover of mitochondria (mitophagy) is predicted to play a key role here. Despite studies that link aberrant mitophagy to ocular dysfunction, little is known about the prevalence of basal mitophagy, or its relationship to general autophagy, in the visual system. In this study, we utilize the mito -QC mouse and a closely related general macroautophagy reporter model to profile basal mitophagy and macroautophagy in the adult and developing eye. We report that ocular macroautophagy is widespread, but surprisingly mitophagy does not always follow the same pattern of occurrence. We observe low levels of mitophagy in the lens and ciliary body, in stark contrast to the high levels of general MAP1LC3-dependent macroautophagy in these regions. We uncover a striking reversal of this process in the adult retina, where mitophagy accounts for a larger degree of the macroautophagy taking place, specifically in the photoreceptor neurons of the outer nuclear layer. We also show the developmental regulation of autophagy in a variety of ocular tissues. In particular, mitophagy in the adult mouse retina is reversed in localization during the latter stages of development. Our work thus defines the landscape of mitochondrial homeostasis in the mammalian eye, and in doing so highlights the selective nature of autophagy in vivo and the specificity of the reporters used. Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy related; GFP: green fluorescent protein; LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; ONH: optic nerve head; ONL: outer nuclear layer; RPE: retinal pigment epithelium.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Autophagosomes metabolism
Cell Differentiation physiology
Ciliary Body cytology
Ciliary Body metabolism
Cornea cytology
Cornea metabolism
Eye cytology
Eye growth & development
Homeostasis physiology
Lens, Crystalline cytology
Lens, Crystalline metabolism
Lysosomes metabolism
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mitochondria metabolism
Optic Nerve cytology
Optic Nerve metabolism
Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate cytology
Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate metabolism
Retina cytology
Retina metabolism
Eye metabolism
Macroautophagy physiology
Mitophagy physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1554-8635
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Autophagy
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30786807
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2019.1580509