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α-Ketoisocaproate and β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate regulate fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs.
- Source :
-
Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition [J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl)] 2019 May; Vol. 103 (3), pp. 846-857. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 18. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects and roles of excess leucine (Leu) versus its metabolites α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) and β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) on fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs.<br />Methods and Results: Thirty-two pigs with a similar initial weight (9.55 ± 0.19 kg) were fed one of the four diets (basal diet, L-Leu, KIC-Ca and HMB-Ca) for 45 days. Results indicated that dietary treatments did not affect the intramuscular fat (IMF) content (p > 0.05), but differently influenced the fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and soleus muscle (SM). In particular, the proportion of N3 PUFA specifically in LM was significantly decreased in the Leu group and increased in both KIC and HMB group relative to the basal diet group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, pigs fed KIC-supplemented diets exhibited decreased expression of FATP-1, ACC, ATGL, C/EBPα, PPARγ and SREBP-1c in LM and increased expression of FATP-1, FAT/CD36, ATGL and M-CPT-1 in SM relative to the basal diet control (p < 0.05).<br />Conclusions: These findings indicated that doubling dietary Leu content decreased the percentage of N3 PUFA mainly in glycolytic skeletal muscle, whereas KIC and HMB improved muscular fatty acid composition and altered lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs. The mechanism of action of KIC might be related to the TFs, and the mechanism of action of HMB might be associated with the AMPK-mTOR signalling pathway.<br /> (© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)
- Subjects :
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases genetics
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism
Animal Feed analysis
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Animals
Diet veterinary
Gene Expression Regulation drug effects
Keto Acids metabolism
Leucine administration & dosage
Leucine metabolism
Lipid Metabolism drug effects
RNA, Messenger
Random Allocation
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism
Transcription Factors
Valerates metabolism
Fatty Acids metabolism
Keto Acids pharmacology
Leucine pharmacology
Muscle, Skeletal drug effects
Swine growth & development
Valerates pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1439-0396
- Volume :
- 103
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30775808
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13077