Dual stimuli-responsive bispillar[5]arene-based nanoparticles for precisely selective drug delivery in cancer cells.

Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles based on a bispillar[5]arene compound were successfully developed using a microemulsion method for the first time. The nanoparticles exhibited dual stimuli-responsiveness towards both spermine and glutathione, allowing precisely selective drug release in lung cancer cells that overexpress both stimuli.