Back to Search
Start Over
Fruit and vegetable consumption, cigarette smoke, and leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number.
- Source :
-
The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2019 Feb 01; Vol. 109 (2), pp. 424-432. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important component of the aging process and has been implicated in the development of many human diseases. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), an indirect biomarker of mitochondrial function, is sensitive to oxidative damage. Few population-based studies have investigated the impact of fruit and vegetable consumption and cigarette smoke (2 major sources of exogenous antioxidants and oxidants) on leukocyte mtDNAcn.<br />Objectives: We investigated the association between fruit and vegetable consumption, cigarette smoke, and leukocyte mtDNAcn based on data from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS).<br />Methods: Data from 2769 disease-free women in the NHS were used to examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary sources of antioxidants, cigarette smoke, and leukocyte mtDNAcn. In vitro cell-based experiments were conducted to support the findings from the population-based study.<br />Results: In the multivariable-adjusted model, both whole-fruit consumption and intake of flavanones (a group of antioxidants abundant in fruit) were positively associated with leukocyte mtDNAcn (P-trend = 0.005 and 0.02, respectively), whereas pack-years of smoking and smoking duration were inversely associated with leukocyte mtDNAcn (P-trend = 0.01 and 0.007, respectively). These findings are supported by in vitro cell-based experiments showing that the administration of naringin, a major flavanone in fruit, led to a substantial increase in mtDNAcn in human leukocytes, whereas exposure to nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone, a key carcinogenic ingredient of cigarette smoke, resulted in a significant decrease in mtDNAcn of cells (all P < 0.05). Further in vitro studies showed that alterations in leukocyte mtDNAcn were functionally linked to the modulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function.<br />Conclusions: Fruit consumption and intake of dietary flavanones were associated with increased leukocyte mtDNAcn, whereas cigarette smoking was associated with decreased leukocyte mtDNAcn, which is a promising biomarker for oxidative stress-related health outcomes.
- Subjects :
- Aging
Antioxidants pharmacology
Biomarkers metabolism
Cross-Sectional Studies
Feeding Behavior
Female
Flavanones pharmacology
Fruit chemistry
Humans
Ketones adverse effects
Middle Aged
Mitochondria genetics
Nicotine adverse effects
Nitrosamines adverse effects
Oxidants adverse effects
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Smoke analysis
Tobacco Products adverse effects
Vegetables chemistry
Cigarette Smoking adverse effects
DNA Copy Number Variations
DNA, Mitochondrial
Diet
Leukocytes
Mitochondria physiology
Smoke adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1938-3207
- Volume :
- 109
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30721920
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy286