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Community-level chlamydial serology for assessing trachoma elimination in trachoma-endemic Niger.
- Source :
-
PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2019 Jan 28; Vol. 13 (1), pp. e0007127. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 28 (Print Publication: 2019). - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background: Program decision-making for trachoma elimination currently relies on conjunctival clinical signs. Antibody tests may provide additional information on the epidemiology of trachoma, particularly in regions where it is disappearing or elimination targets have been met.<br />Methods: A cluster-randomized trial of mass azithromycin distribution strategies for trachoma elimination was conducted over three years in a mesoendemic region of Niger. Dried blood spots were collected from a random sample of children aged 1-5 years in each of 24 study communities at 36 months after initiation of the intervention. A multiplex bead assay was used to test for antibodies to two Chlamydia trachomatis antigens, Pgp3 and CT694. We compared seropositivity to either antigen to clinical signs of active trachoma (trachomatous inflammation-follicular [TF] and trachomatous inflammation-intense [TI]) at the individual and cluster level, and to ocular chlamydia prevalence at the community level.<br />Results: Of 988 children with antibody data, TF prevalence was 7.8% (95% CI 6.1 to 9.5) and TI prevalence was 1.6% (95% CI 0.9 to 2.6). The overall prevalence of antibody positivity to Pgp3 was 27.2% (95% CI 24.5 to 30), and to CT694 was 23.7% (95% CI 21 to 26.2). Ocular chlamydia infection prevalence was 5.2% (95% CI 2.8 to 7.6). Seropositivity to Pgp3 and/or CT694 was significantly associated with TF at the individual and community level and with ocular chlamydia infection and TI at the community level. Older children were more likely to be seropositive than younger children.<br />Conclusion: Seropositivity to Pgp3 and CT694 correlates with clinical signs and ocular chlamydia infection in a mesoendemic region of Niger.<br />Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00792922.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Subjects :
- Antibodies, Bacterial blood
Antibodies, Bacterial immunology
Antigens, Bacterial analysis
Antigens, Bacterial immunology
Bacterial Proteins analysis
Bacterial Proteins immunology
Child, Preschool
Chlamydia trachomatis drug effects
Chlamydia trachomatis genetics
Chlamydia trachomatis immunology
DNA, Bacterial genetics
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Niger
Trachoma blood
Trachoma epidemiology
Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage
Azithromycin administration & dosage
Chlamydia trachomatis isolation & purification
Disease Eradication
Endemic Diseases prevention & control
Mass Drug Administration
Trachoma diagnosis
Trachoma drug therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1935-2735
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PLoS neglected tropical diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30689671
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007127