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Biophysical stimulation of bone and cartilage: state of the art and future perspectives.
- Source :
-
International orthopaedics [Int Orthop] 2019 Mar; Vol. 43 (3), pp. 539-551. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 15. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Biophysical stimulation is a non-invasive therapy used in orthopaedic practice to increase and enhance reparative and anabolic activities of tissue.<br />Methods: A sistematic web-based search for papers was conducted using the following titles: (1) pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF), capacitively coupled electrical field (CCEF), low intensity pulsed ultrasound system (LIPUS) and biophysical stimulation; (2) bone cells, bone tissue, fracture, non-union, prosthesis and vertebral fracture; and (3) chondrocyte, synoviocytes, joint chondroprotection, arthroscopy and knee arthroplasty.<br />Results: Pre-clinical studies have shown that the site of interaction of biophysical stimuli is the cell membrane. Its effect on bone tissue is to increase proliferation, synthesis and release of growth factors. On articular cells, it creates a strong A <subscript>2A</subscript> and A <subscript>3</subscript> adenosine-agonist effect inducing an anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective result. In treated animals, it has been shown that the mineralisation rate of newly formed bone is almost doubled, the progression of the osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration is inhibited and quality of cartilage is preserved. Biophysical stimulation has been used in the clinical setting to promote the healing of fractures and non-unions. It has been successfully used on joint pathologies for its beneficial effect on improving function in early OA and after knee surgery to limit the inflammation of periarticular tissues.<br />Discussion: The pooled result of the studies in this review revealed the efficacy of biophysical stimulation for bone healing and joint chondroprotection based on proven methodological quality.<br />Conclusion: The orthopaedic community has played a central role in the development and understanding of the importance of the physical stimuli. Biophysical stimulation requires care and precision in use if it is to ensure the success expected of it by physicians and patients.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bone Diseases metabolism
Bone Diseases pathology
Bone Regeneration physiology
Bone Regeneration radiation effects
Bone and Bones metabolism
Bone and Bones pathology
Bone and Bones radiation effects
Cartilage metabolism
Cartilage pathology
Cartilage radiation effects
Cartilage Diseases metabolism
Cartilage Diseases pathology
Chondrocytes metabolism
Chondrocytes pathology
Chondrocytes radiation effects
Electric Stimulation Therapy trends
Fractures, Bone metabolism
Fractures, Bone pathology
Humans
Magnetic Field Therapy trends
Bone Diseases therapy
Cartilage Diseases therapy
Electric Stimulation Therapy methods
Fractures, Bone therapy
Magnetic Field Therapy methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1432-5195
- Volume :
- 43
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International orthopaedics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30645684
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-018-4274-3