Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study on Morphologic Characteristics of the Posterior Region in Hard Palate.

Background: The goal of this study is to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of the posterior palatine region among the Chinese population, more specifically, the greater palatine grooves, crests, bridges, and torus palatinus structures and make comparisons between different ethnic groups and minorities.
Methods: A total of 323 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were collected for analysis on the presence of grooves, crests, bridges, or torus palatinus (TP). Data were collected through recognizing the grooves, crests, bridges, and TPs and calculating the number of those anatomy structures. The statistics index, including average, standard deviation, were adopted to describe the subjects and Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test, and Chi-squared test were all carried out by SPSS.
Results: Three different morphologic manifestations of the greater palatine groove (GPG) found in the upper 1st and 2nd molar regions are as follows: no groove, 1 groove, and 2 grooves. The number of crests ranged from 0 to 3. And the incidence of torus palatines was 29%. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the presence of crests/GPGs and age in the 2nd molar region.
Conclusion: The results in this study reveal that GPGs in the upper 1st and 2nd molar regions have 3 different morphologic manifestations among Chinese people and the number of crests can vary from 0 to 3 crests. Although the proportion of GPG or crest and the incidence of TP are different from the proportions of other studies, this may be due to the fact that different ethnic groups and sample sizes were used in the course of this study. Information about the anatomy structures of the posterior region in hard palate directly contributed to a decrease in potential complications during palatal implant surgery and periodontal surgery.