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Longitudinal stability in cigarette smokers of urinary biomarkers of exposure to the toxicants acrylonitrile and acrolein.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 Jan 04; Vol. 14 (1), pp. e0210104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 04 (Print Publication: 2019). - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- The urinary metabolites cyanoethyl mercapturic acid (CEMA) and 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) have been widely used as biomarkers of exposure to acrylonitrile and acrolein, respectively, but there are no published data on their consistency over time in the urine of cigarette smokers. We provided, free of charge over a 20 week period, Spectrum NRC600/601 research cigarettes to cigarette smokers in the control arm of a randomized clinical trial of the reduced nicotine cigarette. Urine samples were collected at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 and analyzed for CEMA and 3-HPMA, and total nicotine equivalents (TNE) using validated methods. Creatinine-corrected intra-class correlation coefficients for CEMA, 3-HPMA, and TNE were 0.67, 0.46, and 0.68, respectively, indicating good longitudinal consistency for CEMA, while that of 3-HPMA was fair. A strong correlation between CEMA and TNE values was observed. These data support the use of CEMA as a reliable biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure. This is the first report of the longitudinal stability of the biomarkers of acrylonitrile and acrolein exposure in smokers. The data indicate that CEMA, the biomarker of acrylonitrile exposure, is consistent over time in cigarette smokers, supporting its use. While 3-HPMA levels were less stable over time, this biomarker is nevertheless a useful monitor of human acrolein exposure because of its specificity to this toxicant.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Subjects :
- Acetylcysteine metabolism
Acetylcysteine urine
Acrolein adverse effects
Acrolein metabolism
Acrylonitrile adverse effects
Acrylonitrile metabolism
Adult
Biomarkers urine
Cigarette Smoking adverse effects
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Tobacco Products adverse effects
Toxicology methods
Acetylcysteine analogs & derivatives
Cigarette Smoking urine
Hazardous Substances adverse effects
Smokers statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30608961
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210104