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Review of 109 cases of primary malignant orofacial lesions seen at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.
- Source :
-
The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal [Niger Postgrad Med J] 2018 Oct-Dec; Vol. 25 (4), pp. 246-251. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Background: Orofacial malignancy is a growing health issue common in developing regions of the world. Presentation patterns are myriad with geographic variations. Advanced stage owing to late presentation constitutes a significant public health burden. The site and type of the lesions are valuable in diagnosis and patient management.<br />Aim: This study aims to review cases of primary orofacial malignancies at the OAUTHC Dental Hospital.<br />Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of histologically diagnosed orofacial malignancies, the relative frequencies, types and site of distribution.<br />Materials and Methods: Records of patients with orofacial malignancies at the OAUTHC, Dental Hospital over a period of 10 years (January 2008-December 2017) were reviewed, demographic data (age, gender and site), history of tobacco use were retrieved and entered into a pro forma. The data obtained were analysed with STATA 11. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.<br />Results: Of 375, 109 cases of neoplasms seen were primary malignant tumours, with prevalence rate of 29.1%. There were 71 (65.1%) males and 38 (34.9%) females (male:female ratio of 1.87:1), mean age (48.7 ± 19.3 years) and range (4-94 years). Affected sites were mandible (41, 37.6%), maxilla (39, 35.8%), palate (17, 15.6%) and others. Lesions were mainly squamous cell carcinomas (SCC: 46, 42.2%), salivary gland adenocarcinomas (SGAs, 25, 22.9%) including 8 (32%) cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Others were odontogenic carcinoma (18, 16.5%) and lymphoma (8, 7.3%). Most specimen analysed were hard tissues (n = 63, 57.8%). Thirty-four (73.9%) cases of SCC and 66 (60.6%) cases of primary malignancies were in the 5 <superscript>th</superscript> -9 <superscript>th</superscript> decades of life. This was statistically significant at P = 0.000.<br />Conclusion: SCC was more prevalent than salivary and odontogenic carcinomas. ACC and mucoepidermoid carcinoma were two most common SGAs. Metastatic tumours to the jaws are rare.<br />Competing Interests: None
- Subjects :
- Adenoma, Pleomorphic epidemiology
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Jaw Neoplasms epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Mouth Neoplasms epidemiology
Nigeria epidemiology
Odontogenic Tumor, Squamous epidemiology
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
Salivary Gland Neoplasms epidemiology
Tertiary Care Centers
Young Adult
Adenoma, Pleomorphic pathology
Biopsy methods
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology
Jaw Neoplasms pathology
Mouth Neoplasms pathology
Odontogenic Tumor, Squamous pathology
Salivary Gland Neoplasms pathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1117-1936
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30588946
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_115_18