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Genetic characteristics of Bacillus anthracis isolated from northwestern China from 1990 to 2016.
- Source :
-
PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2018 Nov 12; Vol. 12 (11), pp. e0006908. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Nov 12 (Print Publication: 2018). - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Anthrax is a global re-emerging zoonotic disease and is an endemic disease in China, especially in rural regions. In this study, the general characteristics of human anthrax outbreaks that occurred in areas of northwestern China over the past decade have been described. Meanwhile, the genetic characteristics of Bacillus anthracis isolated from these areas from 1990 to 2016 were analyzed by means of canonical single-nucleotide polymorphism (canSNP) analysis and multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) with 15 markers. Five sublineages/subgroups, namely, A.Br.001/002, A.Br.Vollum, A.Br.Aust94, A.Br.Ames and A.Br.008/009, were detected by using 13 canSNP sites. All of the sublineages were found in Xinjiang province, while one sublineage was found in Shaanxi, two in Gansu, three in Qinghai and four in Inner Mongolia. However, the geographical distribution of the B. anthracis populations exhibited different canSNP characteristics from those of the strains isolated before 1990 in China. In contrast to previous data, the A.Br.Ames subgroup was also observed to be scattered from Inner Mongolia to other provinces. All 106 strains were assigned to 36 MLVA15 genotypes, and 21 of these types were first observed in this study. The strains collected from anthrax outbreaks in recent decade were classified as subgroups A.Br.001/002 and A.Br.Ames and identified as genotypes MLVA15-28, MLVA15-30, MLVA15-31, MLVA15-38, MLVA15-CHN3, and MLVA15-CHN18. By canSNP analysis and MLVA, we found that the diversification of MLVA genotypes and the geographical distribution of B. anthracis populations is gradually becoming balanced across northwestern China. This study also provides preliminary survey results regarding the population diversity of B. anthracis in China, which will help promote the prevention and control of this important disease.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Anthrax microbiology
Anthrax prevention & control
Anthrax transmission
Bacillus anthracis classification
Cattle
China epidemiology
Disease Outbreaks
Equidae
Genetic Variation
Genotype
Humans
Livestock
Minisatellite Repeats
Mongolia epidemiology
Multilocus Sequence Typing
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sheep
Zoonoses epidemiology
Zoonoses prevention & control
Zoonoses transmission
Anthrax epidemiology
Bacillus anthracis genetics
Bacillus anthracis isolation & purification
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1935-2735
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PLoS neglected tropical diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30418972
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006908