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Combining trait and state model systems of psychosis: The effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive functions in schizotypal individuals.
- Source :
-
Psychiatry research [Psychiatry Res] 2018 Dec; Vol. 270, pp. 639-648. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 17. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Model systems of psychosis play an important role in pathophysiology and drug development research. Schizotypal individuals display similar cognitive impairments as schizophrenia patients in several domains. Therefore, schizotypy may be interpreted as a trait model system of psychosis. In addition, experimentally controlled sleep deprivation is a putative state psychosis model that evokes subclinical psychosis-like states. We aimed to further validate these model systems by examining them in relation to central cognitive biomarkers of schizophrenia. Most of all, we were interested in investigating, for the first time, effects of their combination on cognitive function. Healthy subjects with high (N = 17) or low (N = 19) levels of schizotypy performed a cognitive task battery after one night of normal sleep and after 24 h of sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation impaired performance in the go/nogo and n-back tasks relative to the normal sleep control condition. No differences between groups or interactions of group with sleep condition were found. The role of sleep deprivation as a model of psychosis is thus supported to some extent by impairments in inhibitory control. However, classical measures of cognition may be less able to detect deficits in schizotypy, in line with evidence of more basic information processing dysfunctions in schizotypy.<br /> (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Biomarkers
Female
Humans
Male
Psychotic Disorders complications
Schizotypal Personality Disorder complications
Sleep physiology
Sleep Deprivation complications
Young Adult
Cognition physiology
Models, Psychological
Personality physiology
Psychotic Disorders psychology
Schizotypal Personality Disorder psychology
Sleep Deprivation psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1872-7123
- Volume :
- 270
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Psychiatry research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30384284
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.033