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Early diagnosis of Grisel's syndrome in children with favorable outcome.
- Source :
-
Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery [Childs Nerv Syst] 2019 Jan; Vol. 35 (1), pp. 113-118. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 25. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Purpose: The painful torticollis only itself may be a major sign for the diagnosis of Grisel's syndrome (GS). It is known as an inflammatory atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation following upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and surgical otolaryngological procedures.<br />Patients and Methods: The analysis of 16 pediatric GS patients were reviewed retrospectively by considering the diagnosis, the treatment modality, and the prognosis at the Department of Neurosurgery and Otorhinolaryngology in Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine between 2008 and 2018. In addition to the clinical cases, five cadavers were used to demonstrate atlantoaxial region, particularly the ligamentous complex and articulation of the atlas-axis, for the mechanism of these rare entities.<br />Results: The most common etiological factor of GS was URTI with 81.25% among 16 patients. Painful torticollis was the primary symptom of pediatric patients at admission. The X-Ray, computerized tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations were used for the definitive diagnosis in the first week of admission, except one. No morbidity, mortality, and deformity were reported in this series.<br />Conclusions: Early diagnosis is the principle of GS for avoiding of permanent neck deformity and complex surgical procedures. If GS can be diagnosed without any doubt by only considering patient's history and clinical examination, CT scan is not recommended due to harmful effects of radiation. The treatment was achieved by reduction, external fixation under analgesia, or sedoanalgesia accompanying with antibiotic and anti-phylogistic treatment.
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Cadaver
Child
Child, Preschool
Early Diagnosis
External Fixators
Female
Humans
Joint Dislocations diagnostic imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Pain etiology
Prognosis
Respiratory Tract Infections diagnostic imaging
Respiratory Tract Infections etiology
Retrospective Studies
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Torticollis diagnostic imaging
Torticollis etiology
Treatment Outcome
Atlanto-Axial Joint anatomy & histology
Atlanto-Axial Joint diagnostic imaging
Joint Dislocations diagnosis
Joint Dislocations therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1433-0350
- Volume :
- 35
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30361761
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-018-3996-2