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Adherence to an Energy-restricted Mediterranean Diet Score and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the PREDIMED-Plus: A Cross-sectional Study.
- Source :
-
Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.) [Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)] 2019 Nov; Vol. 72 (11), pp. 925-934. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 02. - Publication Year :
- 2019
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Abstract
- Introduction and Objectives: The cardiovascular benefits of the Mediterranean diet have usually been assessed under assumptions of ad libitum total energy intake (ie, no energy restriction). In the recently launched PREDIMED-Plus, we conducted exploratory analyses to study the baseline associations between adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF).<br />Methods: Cross-sectional assessment of all PREDIMED-Plus participants (6874 older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome) at baseline. The participants were assessed by their usual primary care physicians to ascertain the prevalence of 4 CVRF (hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia). A 17-point PREDIMED-Plus score was used to measure adherence to the MedDiet. Multivariable models were fitted to estimate differences in means and prevalence ratios for individual and clustered CVRF.<br />Results: Better adherence to a MedDiet pattern was significantly associated with lower average triglyceride levels, body mass index, and waist circumference. Compared with low adherence (≤ 7 points in the 17-point score), better adherence to the MedDiet (11-17 points) showed inverse associations with hypertension (prevalence ratio=0.97; 95%CI, 0.94-1.00) and obesity (prevalence ratio=0.96; 95%CI, 0.92-1.00), but positive associations with diabetes (prevalence ratio=1.19; 95%CI, 1.07-1.32). Compared with the lowest third of adherence, women in the upper third showed a significantly lower prevalence of the clustering of 3 or more CVRF (prevalence ratio=0.91; 95%CI, 0.83-0.98).<br />Conclusions: Among participants at high cardiovascular risk, better adherence to a MedDiet showed significant inverse associations with CVRF among women, and improved lipid profiles and adiposity measures. This trial was registered in 2014 at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Registry (ISRCTN89898870).<br /> (Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Aged
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases etiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity diet therapy
Overweight diet therapy
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Spain epidemiology
Time Factors
Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control
Diet, Mediterranean
Obesity complications
Overweight complications
Patient Compliance
Risk Assessment methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English; Spanish; Castilian
- ISSN :
- 1885-5857
- Volume :
- 72
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30287240
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2018.08.010