PYRROLO isolated from marine sponge associated bacterium Halobacillus kuroshimensis SNSAB01 - Antifouling study based on molecular docking, diatom adhesion and mussel byssal thread inhibition.

In the present study, an attempt has been made to explore the antifouling potential of bioactive compound isolated from sponge associated bacterium Halobacillus kuroshimensis SNSAB01. The crude extract of SNSAB01 strongly inhibited the growth of fouling bacterial strains with least minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The bioactive compound was characterized through FT-IR, HPLC, GCMS and NMR predicted as 'pyrrolo". From the mass spectral library, structure was elucidated as pyrrolo [1, 2-a] pyrazine-1, 4-dione, hexahydro. The in silico studies provided encouraging docking scores with two interactions by GLN 200 and GLU 304. The extract inhibited 89% diatom adhesion at 350 μg/ml concentration against Amphora sp. An EC ₅₀ value of 150 μg/ml for 50% inhibition of byssal thread of Perna viridis and LC ₅₀ was found to be 500 μg/ml. The LC ₅₀ /EC ₅₀ ratio of 3.0 indicated nontoxic to nature. The result suggested that pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione can be used for antifouling coating.
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