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Pharmacokinetics and physiologic/behavioral effects of buprenorphine administered sublingually and intravenously to neonatal foals.
- Source :
-
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics [J Vet Pharmacol Ther] 2019 Jan; Vol. 42 (1), pp. 26-36. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 21. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Buprenorphine is absorbed following sublingual administration, which would be a low-stress delivery route in foals. However, the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics are not described in foals. Six healthy foals <21 days of age participated in a blinded, randomized, 3-period, 5-sequence, 3-treatment crossover prospective study. Foals received 0.01-0.02 mg/kg buprenorphine administered SL or IV with an equivalent volume of saline administered by the opposite route. Blood was collected from the cephalic vein for pharmacokinetic analysis. Physiologic parameters (HR, RR, body temperature, GI sounds), locomotion (pedometer), and behavioral data (activity level, nursing time, response to humans) were recorded. Plasma concentration of buprenorphine exceeded a presumed analgesic level (0.6 ng/ml) in five foals in the IV group and one in the SL group but only for a very brief time. Pharmacokinetic analysis following IV administration demonstrated a short elimination half-life (t <subscript>1/2β</subscript> 1.95 ± 0.7 hr), large volume of distribution (6.46 ± 1.54 L/kg), and a high total clearance (55.83 ± 23.75 ml/kg/min), which differs from adult horses. Following SL administration, maximum concentrations reached were 0.61 ± 0.11 ng/ml and bioavailability was 25.1% ± 10.9%. In both groups, there were minor statistical differences in HR, RR, body temperature, locomotion, and time spent nursing. However, these differences were clinically insignificant in this single dose study, and excitement, sedation, or colic did not occur.<br /> (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Administration, Sublingual
Analgesics, Opioid administration & dosage
Analgesics, Opioid blood
Analgesics, Opioid pharmacology
Animals
Animals, Newborn metabolism
Behavior, Animal drug effects
Body Temperature drug effects
Buprenorphine administration & dosage
Buprenorphine blood
Buprenorphine pharmacology
Female
Heart Rate drug effects
Horses blood
Horses metabolism
Injections, Intravenous veterinary
Male
Motor Activity drug effects
Respiratory Rate drug effects
Analgesics, Opioid pharmacokinetics
Buprenorphine pharmacokinetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1365-2885
- Volume :
- 42
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30242851
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12715