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Effect of maternal antioxidant supplementation and/or exercise practice during pregnancy on postnatal overnutrition induced by litter size reduction: Brain redox homeostasis at weaning.

Authors :
August PM
Maurmann RM
Saccomori AB
Scortegagna MC
Flores EB
Klein CP
Dos Santos BG
Stone V
Dal Magro BM
Cristhian L
Santo CN
Hözer R
Matté C
Source :
International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience [Int J Dev Neurosci] 2018 Dec; Vol. 71, pp. 146-155. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 16.
Publication Year :
2018

Abstract

Prenatal and early postnatal environments can permanently influence health throughout life. Early overnutrition increases the risk to develop chronic diseases. Conversely, the intake of flavonoids and exercise practice during pregnancy seem to promote long-term benefits to offspring. We hypothesized that benefic interventions during pregnancy could protect against possible postnatal neurochemical alterations caused by overnutrition induced by reduced litter size. Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) sedentary + vehicle, (2) sedentary + naringenin, (3) swimming exercise + vehicle, and (4) swimming exercise + naringenin. One day after birth, the litter was culled to 8 pups (control) or 3 pups (overfed) per dam, yielding control and overfed subgroups for each maternal group. Serum of 21-days-old pups was collected, also the cerebellum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus were dissected. Litter size reduction increased fat mass and enhanced body weight. Maternal interventions, when isolated, caused reduced glucose serum levels in offspring nurtured in control litters. In the cerebellum, reducing the litter size decreased the activity of thioredoxin reductase, which was prevented by maternal supplementation with naringenin. Hippocampus and hypothalamus have shown altered antioxidant enzymes activities in response to litter size reduction. Interestingly, when maternal exercise and naringenin supplementation were allied, the effect disappeared, suggesting a concurrent effect of the two maternal interventions. In conclusion, exercise or naringenin supplementation during pregnancy can be important interventions for combating the increasing rates of overweight during the infancy and its related neurochemical changes, especially when applied isolated.<br /> (Copyright © 2018 ISDN. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1873-474X
Volume :
71
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
30232036
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.09.003