Back to Search
Start Over
Impaired Differentiation of Langerhans Cells in the Murine Oral Epithelium Adjacent to Titanium Dental Implants.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2018 Aug 15; Vol. 9, pp. 1712. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Aug 15 (Print Publication: 2018). - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Peri-implantitis is a destructive inflammatory process affecting tissues surrounding dental implants and it is considered a new global health concern. Human studies have suggested that the frequencies of Langerhans cells (LCs), the main antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the oral epithelium, are dysregulated around the implants. Since LCs play a role in regulating oral mucosal homeostasis, we studied the impact of dental titanium implants on LC differentiation using a novel murine model. We demonstrate that whereas the percentage of LC precursors (CD11c <superscript>+</superscript> MHCII <superscript>+</superscript> ) increased in the peri-implant epithelium, the frequencies of LCs (CD11c <superscript>+</superscript> MHCII <superscript>+</superscript> EpCAM <superscript>+</superscript> langerin <superscript>+</superscript> ) were significantly reduced. Instead, a population of partially developed LCs expressing CD11c <superscript>+</superscript> MHCII <superscript>+</superscript> EpCAM <superscript>+</superscript> but not langerin evolved in the peri-implant mucosa, which was also accompanied by a considerable leukocyte infiltrate. In line with the increased levels of LC precursors, expression of CCL2 and CCL20, chemokines mediating their translocation to the epithelium, was elevated in the peri-implant epithelium. However, expression of TGF-β1, the major cytokine driving final differentiation of LCs, was reduced in the epithelium. Further analysis revealed that while the expression of the TGF-β1 canonical receptor activing-like kinase (ALK)5 was upregulated, expression of its non-canonical receptor ALK3 was decreased. Since titanium ions releasing from implants were proposed to alter APC function, we next analyzed the impact of such ions on TGF-β1-induced LC differentiation cultures. Concurring with the in vivo studies, the presence of titanium ions resulted in the generation of partially developed LCs that express CD11c <superscript>+</superscript> MHCII <superscript>+</superscript> EpCAM <superscript>+</superscript> but failed to upregulate langerin expression. Collectively, these findings suggest that titanium dental implants have the capacity to impair the development of oral LCs and might subsequently dysregulate immunity in the peri-implant mucosa.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antigens, Surface genetics
Antigens, Surface metabolism
Biomarkers
Cells, Cultured
Cytokines metabolism
Gingiva cytology
Ions adverse effects
Lectins, C-Type genetics
Lectins, C-Type metabolism
Leukocyte Count
Mannose-Binding Lectins genetics
Mannose-Binding Lectins metabolism
Mice
Mouth Mucosa pathology
Peri-Implantitis etiology
Peri-Implantitis metabolism
Peri-Implantitis pathology
Stem Cells cytology
Stem Cells metabolism
Cell Differentiation
Dental Implants adverse effects
Langerhans Cells cytology
Langerhans Cells metabolism
Mouth Mucosa cytology
Mouth Mucosa metabolism
Titanium adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1664-3224
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30158922
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01712