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Rotavirus Vaccination and the Global Burden of Rotavirus Diarrhea Among Children Younger Than 5 Years.
- Source :
-
JAMA pediatrics [JAMA Pediatr] 2018 Oct 01; Vol. 172 (10), pp. 958-965. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Importance: Rotavirus infection is the global leading cause of diarrhea-associated morbidity and mortality among children younger than 5 years.<br />Objectives: To examine the extent of rotavirus infection among children younger than 5 years by country and the number of deaths averted because of the rotavirus vaccine.<br />Design, Setting, and Participants: This report builds on findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016, a cross-sectional study that measured diarrheal diseases and their etiologic agents. Models were used to estimate burden in data-sparse locations.<br />Exposure: Diarrhea due to rotavirus infection.<br />Main Outcomes and Measures: Rotavirus-associated mortality and morbidity by country and year and averted deaths attributable to the rotavirus vaccine by country.<br />Results: Rotavirus infection was responsible for an estimated 128 500 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 104 500-155 600) among children younger than 5 years throughout the world in 2016, with 104 733 deaths occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (95% UI, 83 406-128 842). Rotavirus infection was responsible for more than 258 million episodes of diarrhea among children younger than 5 years in 2016 (95% UI, 193 million to 341 million), an incidence of 0.42 cases per child-year (95% UI, 0.30-0.53). Vaccine use is estimated to have averted more than 28 000 deaths (95% UI, 14 600-46 700) among children younger than 5 years, and expanded use of the rotavirus vaccine, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, could have prevented approximately 20% of all deaths attributable to diarrhea among children younger than 5 years.<br />Conclusions and Relevance: Rotavirus-associated mortality has decreased markedly over time in part because of the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine. This study suggests that prioritizing vaccine introduction and interventions to reduce diarrhea-associated morbidity and mortality is necessary in the continued global reduction of rotavirus infection.
- Subjects :
- Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diarrhea epidemiology
Diarrhea virology
Female
Global Health
Humans
Incidence
Male
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Rotavirus Infections epidemiology
Survival Rate trends
Diarrhea prevention & control
Rotavirus Infections prevention & control
Rotavirus Vaccines pharmacology
Vaccination statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2168-6211
- Volume :
- 172
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- JAMA pediatrics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30105384
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1960