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Fructose and prostate cancer: toward an integrated view of cancer cell metabolism.

Authors :
Carreño D
Corro N
Torres-Estay V
Véliz LP
Jaimovich R
Cisternas P
San Francisco IF
Sotomayor PC
Tanasova M
Inestrosa NC
Godoy AS
Source :
Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] 2019 Mar; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 49-58. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Aug 13.
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

Activation of glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) gene expression is a molecular feature of cancer cells that increases glucose uptake and metabolism. Increased glucose uptake is the basis for the clinical localization of primary tumors using positron emission tomography (PET) and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) as a radiotracer. However, previous studies have demonstrated that a considerable number of cancers, which include prostate cancer (CaP), express low to undetectable levels of Glut-1 and that FDG-PET has limited clinical applicability in CaP. This observation could be explained by a low metabolic activity of CaP cells that may be overcome using different hexoses, such as fructose, as the preferred energy source. However, these hypotheses have not been examined critically in CaP. This review article summarizes what is currently known about transport and metabolism of hexoses, and more specifically fructose, in CaP and provides experimental evidences indicating that CaP cells may have increased capacity to transport and metabolize fructose in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, this review highlights recent findings that allow better understanding of how metabolism of fructose may regulate cancer cell proliferation and how fructose uptake and metabolism, through the de novo lipogenesis pathway, may provide new opportunities for CaP early diagnosis, staging, and treatment.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1476-5608
Volume :
22
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
30104655
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-018-0072-7