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Fructose and prostate cancer: toward an integrated view of cancer cell metabolism.
- Source :
-
Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] 2019 Mar; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 49-58. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Aug 13. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Activation of glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) gene expression is a molecular feature of cancer cells that increases glucose uptake and metabolism. Increased glucose uptake is the basis for the clinical localization of primary tumors using positron emission tomography (PET) and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) as a radiotracer. However, previous studies have demonstrated that a considerable number of cancers, which include prostate cancer (CaP), express low to undetectable levels of Glut-1 and that FDG-PET has limited clinical applicability in CaP. This observation could be explained by a low metabolic activity of CaP cells that may be overcome using different hexoses, such as fructose, as the preferred energy source. However, these hypotheses have not been examined critically in CaP. This review article summarizes what is currently known about transport and metabolism of hexoses, and more specifically fructose, in CaP and provides experimental evidences indicating that CaP cells may have increased capacity to transport and metabolize fructose in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, this review highlights recent findings that allow better understanding of how metabolism of fructose may regulate cancer cell proliferation and how fructose uptake and metabolism, through the de novo lipogenesis pathway, may provide new opportunities for CaP early diagnosis, staging, and treatment.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Biological Transport
Biomarkers
Energy Metabolism
Gene Expression
Humans
Male
Monosaccharide Transport Proteins genetics
Monosaccharide Transport Proteins metabolism
Prostatic Neoplasms diagnosis
Prostatic Neoplasms genetics
Prostatic Neoplasms therapy
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Fructose metabolism
Prostatic Neoplasms metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1476-5608
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30104655
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-018-0072-7