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Direct medical costs for patients with type 2 diabetes in 16 tertiary hospitals in urban China: A multicenter prospective cohort study.
- Source :
-
Journal of diabetes investigation [J Diabetes Investig] 2019 Mar; Vol. 10 (2), pp. 539-551. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 05. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Aims/introduction: To investigate the direct medical costs for patients with type 2 diabetes in China and to examine the influencing factors.<br />Materials and Methods: In the present multicenter study, 1,070 patients with type 2 diabetes from 16 tertiary hospitals in 14 major cities of China were enrolled. Patient data and direct medical costs were collected during a follow-up period of 6 months at intervals of 1 month. The log-transformed direct medical costs were fitted by a generalized estimation equation to indicator variables for demographics, metabolic control, treatments, complications and comorbidities.<br />Results: Data of 871 participants were included in the analysis. The mean annual total direct medical costs and outpatient medical costs were $1,990.20 and $1,687.20 respectively. The average costs per inpatient per admission were $2,127.10. The share of out-of-pocket for total medical costs, outpatient costs and cost per inpatient per admission were 45.4, 46.3 and 26.0% respectively. Independent determinants of total medical costs were diabetes duration, dyslipidemia and diabetic complications, such as neuropathy and nephropathy, as well as diabetes treatment, such as the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Costs showed prominent variation across centers.<br />Conclusions: Diabetes is imposing a growing economic burden in patients with type 2 diabetes in China. Diabetes-related complications and comorbidities have a great impact on the medical costs. As different health policies, economic development and regional health inequalities also have an important influence on the direct medical cost, healthcare reform needs to optimize resource allocation in health service delivery systems, and provide more equitable and affordable healthcare.<br /> (© 2018 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Diabetes Complications etiology
Diabetes Complications prevention & control
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 therapy
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Cost of Illness
Diabetes Complications economics
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 economics
Health Care Costs
Tertiary Care Centers economics
Tertiary Care Centers statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2040-1124
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of diabetes investigation
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30079578
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12905