Experimental validation of laryngotracheal growth and recurrent laryngeal nerve preservation after partial cricotracheal resection in a growing rabbit model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to confirm laryngotracheal growth and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) preservation after partial cricotracheal resection (PCTR) in a growing rabbit model by performing the procedure in pediatric animals.
Methods: Six female Japanese white rabbits, 12 weeks of age, underwent PCTR. The course of the RLN was evaluated during surgery (n = 3). Endoscopic and histologic examinations were performed at 22 weeks of age (n = 6). Four non-operated rabbits, 22 weeks of age, underwent endoscopic and histologic examinations as controls.
Results: The RLN was preserved at the esophageal side and entered the larynx behind the cricothyroid joint after PCTR. Endoscopic examination showed normal vocal cord movements and the large reconstructed subglottis. Histologically, sufficient submucosal vessels and cartilage growth were identified at the reconstructed larynx. The median inside luminal area at the anastomotic site in the PCTR group was 24.8 mm ² (range 21.8-29.0 mm ² ), and that at the cricoid cartilage and trachea in the control group was 23.4 mm ² (range 20.0-26.6 mm ² ) and 25.6 mm ² (range 22.9-28.8 mm ² ), respectively.
Conclusion: No interference with laryngotracheal growth was seen, and RLN preservation was confirmed after PCTR. Use of PCTR in the pediatric age group seems appropriate.