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3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear in birds of prey.

Authors :
Stańczyk EK
Velasco Gallego ML
Nowak M
Hatt JM
Kircher PR
Carrera I
Source :
Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association [Vet Radiol Ultrasound] 2018 Nov; Vol. 59 (6), pp. 705-714. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 05.
Publication Year :
2018

Abstract

Despite the increasing interest in the clinical neurology of birds, little is known about the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of the avian central nervous system, eye, and inner ear. The objective of this cadaveric study was to document the MRI anatomic features of the aforementioned structures using a high-resolution 3.0 Tesla MRI system. The final study group consisted of 13 cadavers of the diurnal birds of prey belonging to six species. Images were acquired in sagittal, dorsal, and transverse planes using T1-weighted and T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequences. A necropsy with macroscopic analysis of the brain and spinal cord was performed on all cadavers. Microscopic examination of the brain was performed on one cadaver of each species; the spinal cord was examined in three subjects. Anatomic structures were identified on the magnetic resonance images based on histologic slices and available literature. Very good resolution of anatomic detail was obtained. The olfactory bulbs; cerebral hemispheres; diencephalon; optic lobe; cerebellum; pons; ventricular system; optic, trigeminal, and facial nerves; pineal and pituitary glands; as well as the semicircular canals of the inner ear were identified. Exquisite detail was achieved on the ocular structures. In the spinal cord, the gray and white matter differentiation and the glycogen body were identified. This study establishes normal MRI anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear of the birds of prey; and may be used as a reference in the assessment of neurologic disorders or visual impairment in this group of birds.<br /> (© 2018 American College of Veterinary Radiology.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1740-8261
Volume :
59
Issue :
6
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
29978528
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12657