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Pre- and postnatal exposure of mice to concentrated urban PM 2.5 decreases the number of alveoli and leads to altered lung function at an early stage of life.

Authors :
de Barros Mendes Lopes T
Groth EE
Veras M
Furuya TK
de Souza Xavier Costa N
Ribeiro Júnior G
Lopes FD
de Almeida FM
Cardoso WV
Saldiva PHN
Chammas R
Mauad T
Source :
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2018 Oct; Vol. 241, pp. 511-520. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jun 05.
Publication Year :
2018

Abstract

Gestational exposure to air pollution is associated with negative outcomes in newborns and children. In a previous study, we demonstrated a synergistic negative effect of pre- and postnatal exposure to PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> on lung development in mice. However, the means by which air pollution affects development of the lung have not yet been identified. In this study, we exposed pregnant BALB/c mice and their offspring to concentrated urban PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> (from São Paulo, Brazil; target dose 600 μg/m <superscript>3</superscript> for 1 h daily). Exposure was started on embryonic day 5.5 (E5.5, time of placental implantation). Lung tissue of fetuses and offspring was submitted to stereological and transcriptomic analyses at E14.5 (pseudoglandular stage of lung development), E18.5 (saccular stage) and P40 (postnatal day 40, alveolarized lung). Additionally, lung function and cellularity of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were studied in offspring animals at P40. Compared to control animals that were exposed to filtered air throughout gestation and postnatal life, PM-exposed mice exhibited higher lung elastance and a lower alveolar number at P40 whilst the total lung volume and cellularity of BAL fluid were not affected. Glandular and saccular structures of fetal lungs were not altered upon gestational exposure; transcriptomic signatures, however, showed changes related to DNA damage and its regulation, inflammation and regulation of cell proliferation. A differential expression was validated at E14.5 for the candidates Sox8, Angptl4 and Gas1. Our data substantiate the in utero biomolecular effect of gestational exposure to air pollution and provide first-time stereological evidence that pre- and early life-postnatal exposure compromise lung development, leading to a reduced number of alveoli and an impairment of lung function in the adult mouse.<br /> (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1873-6424
Volume :
241
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
29883952
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.055